The differences between Americas mass incarceration rates compared to Research Paper

The differences between Americas mass incarceration rates compared to one other country - Research Paper Example This essay compares US and Canada incarceration rate and the costs, in an attempt to provide viable recommendation on how the government should conduct its incarceration. Incarceration refers to the arrest of suspected criminals before their conviction and to confine them from the public. Incarceration in US was started as a security measure that aimed at safeguarding the public from potential criminals. The US imprisons many types of criminals including drug offenders and non-violent offenders. This situation is different in Canada as the government imprisons only those with high risk of violence. Statistics shows that the US has five times higher the rate of incarceration as compared to Canada. Approximately, the US incarcerates about 750 people per every 100 thousand which is much than the rate Canada which about 117 people per every 100 thousand individuals. In total, there are about 1.6 million prisoners in America. 90% of the prisoners in the US comprise young males at the age bracket of 20 to 30 years. In Canada, 70% of males of young age are in prison, and the rest is composed of women. By race, the percentage of blacks and Latinos in prison is much higher than that of the whites. Per every 100 thousand people in US, 3,074 blacks, 1258 Latinos are imprisoned while only 459 whites are victims (Cox, 2012). This is different in Canada where the ratio of whites to blacks in prison is fairly balanced. From the statistics, it is clear that the incarceration rate is much higher in US and more biased than the case in Canada. Evidently, the US spends a lot in maintaining their prisons as compared to Canada. Many scholars have come up to criticize the hefty spending of the US in maintaining prisons. The average cost of maintaining a prisoner is between $20 thousand and $30 thousand each year. Canada prisoner maintenance cost is much lower by 30%, which ensure that the nation spends little on incarceration. This shows that the US

DQ1JPart1 and DQ2 Bridget Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

DQ1JPart1 and DQ2 Bridget - Essay Example Documentation is very important because it provides a way to keep a written or computerized record of the work performed by the workers. â€Å"Documentation justifies employment actions, from recruitment and selection to resignation, retirement or termination† (Mayhew, 2012). The manager is responsible for the performance of his subordinates. A system that allows the employees to rate themselves is a great idea. Such a system can inspire motivated employees to achieve a higher level of performance. A potential problem of self-evaluation is employees exaggerating their level of performance (Bacal, 2012). Constructive criticism is an important element of any appraisal system. Employees have to be willing to listen to the opinions of others and accept that they may have deficiencies that must be improved. The use of training and development can enhance the skills and capabilities of the employees. Human resource professionals and managers must document their work. An example of a documentation process is the time cards that employees use when they punch into work. These cards must be saved in case there area any payroll issues associated with the payment to an employee. An industry in which proper documentation is imperative towards the ability of the professionals to provide a proper service is the medical industry (Nyu,

Business Ethics Enron case Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Business Ethics Enron case - Essay Example It has dominated the business world in many divisions such as; natural resources, plastics, power, steel, broadband and principal investments. The men who were responsible of Enron’s demise were Kenneth Lay, Jeffrey Skilling, and Andrew Fastow. According to the Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations of the Committee on Governmental Affairs Enron commited high risk accounting, and disclose too many information about their cashflow. They hid their loss to attract investors for them to keep investing in the company. No one in the company reveal the truth until the social analyst starts to do some research because some of its data just do not make sense and found out the fraud that Enron had been committing. The company can had been falsely registering profit with its value increasing at a dizzying figure of 10 billion to 65 billion. But these unfounded profits have its price as it adversely affected the lives of those who invested in the company because they never got their mon ey back. The fraudulent and unethical business practice of Enron can be traced back to its leadership. Leadership at Enron took a twisted turn when it became obsessed with increasing the value of its stock prices. Its sense of excellence also became crooked as reinforced and perpetuated by its leadership. It promoted a corporate culture of callousness when it arbitrarily ranked half of its employees as non-performer which it will eventually fire. The other half remaining may have remained in the company but adopted a corporate value system that is virulently greedy and fraudulent as promoted and reinforced by its leadership through its performance appraisals. The culture of a company is one of the basic aspect of an organization and often, its behaviors are often based on that corporate culture. At Enron, the company culture has a structure where they place the individuals who have a higher position at the upper level of the office, and ordinary workers who have less power in the co mpany occupy the ground level of the office. This company structure reflects that people who can better adapt with Enron’s unethical business practice will control most of the activites, and create a decision and others who cannot will be relegated as subordinates. This culture of giving too much power on people who are unethical promotes the culture of fraud in th eorganization where greed is encouraged and money became the central value of the organization that they no longer care about the environment as long they gain money. As a company Enron does not have positive control environment â€Å" the tone or culture of a firm the control environemnt sets the tone of organization, influencing its people†. (Hartman and Desjardin Pg. 539). In my point of view the negative control environment that Enron company sets it is to make their workers adapt with the situation of the company that they work 12 hours per day only thinking of how to make a billion profit to the compan y by doing fraudulent on the stakesholder. This practice alone of inducing employees to work all day long and forgo other aspects of their lives such as family and social lives is not healthy. Duty care does not also exist in its organizational structure. Kenneth Lay, Jeffrey Skilling, and Andrew Fastow does not apply the duty of care aspect to on their decision. â€Å"Duty of care involves the exercise of reasonalble care by board member... their management responsibilities and comply with the law†

The Open Forms of Resistance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Open Forms of Resistance - Essay Example Through this discussion James C. Scott, want to state that everyday resistance is one of the basic forms of opposition to oppression. Scott initiated this concept in the year 1985, which reflected about the various forms of resistance. The resistance as per his opinion is not as dramatic as a rebel but everyday resistance is more hidden and invisible. He also stated that the forms of slave resistance are more important than the outright rebellion. On the other hand, a peasant rebellion is uncommon and it cannot occur when required as well as it does not have the much impact, therefore, it is considered as the less important (Scott, â€Å"Everyday Forms of Peasant Resistance†). The â€Å"Discourse on Colonialism† may be the best description as the state of war, which is provided by Aime Cesaire and it is also known as the third world manifesto. On the other hand, the analysis made by Scott is that the everyday resistance to the open forms and revolutionary actions may also describe the statement of war. This analysis of Scott provides information related to the actual meaning of everyday resistance and the forms of resistance. According to Scott, the notion of national sovereignty, was however, historically superseded as per the thought of revolutionary anticolonialism besides becoming a politically absolute future past, when it failed to secure freedom for colonized people. He also argues that traditional dreams related to total revolution and political emancipation is the form of power that can be negotiated but cannot be mitigated completely (Kelley 1-52).

Racism in Australia Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Racism in Australia - Essay Example Prejudices include bias and negative attitudes towards other culture or a cultural group based on negative stereotypes and different value systems. In Australia, racism and prejudices are caused by different racial origin and geographical location. Country of birth is significant because it quite often coincides with some or all of the factors mentioned but this clearly need not be the case. People may be born outside a country or a nation-state yet still identify with it; boundaries and borders change (Almaguer, 1994). The world history of migration and the general movement of peoples have made any simple approach to culture and to ethnic identification not possible or viable. Individuals identify multiple ancestries, as evidenced by responses to the 'ancestry' question included in the 1986 national census; the 'cultural background' of many people is diverse. To take one example, there are people in Australia who were born in Eastern Europe, emigrated with their families to Central America when they were children, and then emigrated to Australia as adults with children of their own (Banks, 1996). Underlying many of these pressure points is the conflict which arises for families from collectivist-oriented cultures when confronted with the individualism which predominates in Australia (Pattel-Gray 1995). Achieving security and prosperity may be the only fundamental Chinese family value that has not been weakened in Australia, because western societies also value achievement. Language plays a crucial part in the ethnic identity of many communities, although its importance in this regard seems to vary across cultures In Diaspora, such as the Chinese, it has served to unite people from very different countries. Maintaining the first language and the learning of English have key roles in settlement, family experience and acculturation of immigrant groups. There is also a lack of tolerance or understanding for 'unusual' family arrangements which had arisen through th e disruption of the lives of many Eastern European immigrants and for the many men who remained single. The focus for a sense of belonging may be on common physical characteristics, the possession of a distinct language or dialect, a particular religion, a sense of geographical and historical continuity through living in a particular place, or a distinct lifestyle (Donald and Rattansii 1992). Discrimination Discrimination is a direct result of prejudices and cultural differences take place in Australian society. In spite of great changes in social structure, Aboriginal people are discriminated in education, healthcare and employment (Pattel-Gray 1995). Complete cultural assimilation did not take place. However, the predominance of Anglo-Celtic values, in all Australian institutions but particularly in the workplace and the schools, often placed great pressures on immigrant families, created conflict between family members and sometimes threatened positive identification with their own cultures. The failure of cultural assimilation, the threat to Australian living standards with the onset of the recession and world economic restructuring, and social segmentation linked to gender, ethnicity and race led to a new national approach to diversity and to the development of policies

Christian Ethics Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Christian Ethics - Research Paper Example Consequently, the organization implemented the policy of organizing morning prayers for all workers before the start of operations thereby ensuring that the spirit of evil desires and impurity are put at bay through prayers. The policy is successful since nearly all the workers in my organization are religious with most being of Christian faith. Â  In order to ensure that my organization implements better ethical practices at the workplace, I would recommend for gradual implementation of the ethical practices. First, all the workers need to be informed of the intention of introducing the ethical practices in the organization. Secondly, the workers should have a say or decide on the practices they feel should be implemented, and this requires brainstorming, soberness, understanding, and sacrifices. This is helpful since it ensures that workers play a role in the creation and implementation of policies and ethical practices that will affect their lives while serving in the organization. When workers accept the anticipated ethical practices, they feel bound by their decisions and, therefore, strive to abide by them. Such decisions will serve as guidance to their relations at the workplace and to some extent their daily lives since they spend most of their time.

Racism in Australia Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Racism in Australia - Essay Example Prejudices include bias and negative attitudes towards other culture or a cultural group based on negative stereotypes and different value systems. In Australia, racism and prejudices are caused by different racial origin and geographical location. Country of birth is significant because it quite often coincides with some or all of the factors mentioned but this clearly need not be the case. People may be born outside a country or a nation-state yet still identify with it; boundaries and borders change (Almaguer, 1994). The world history of migration and the general movement of peoples have made any simple approach to culture and to ethnic identification not possible or viable. Individuals identify multiple ancestries, as evidenced by responses to the 'ancestry' question included in the 1986 national census; the 'cultural background' of many people is diverse. To take one example, there are people in Australia who were born in Eastern Europe, emigrated with their families to Central America when they were children, and then emigrated to Australia as adults with children of their own (Banks, 1996). Underlying many of these pressure points is the conflict which arises for families from collectivist-oriented cultures when confronted with the individualism which predominates in Australia (Pattel-Gray 1995). Achieving security and prosperity may be the only fundamental Chinese family value that has not been weakened in Australia, because western societies also value achievement. Language plays a crucial part in the ethnic identity of many communities, although its importance in this regard seems to vary across cultures In Diaspora, such as the Chinese, it has served to unite people from very different countries. Maintaining the first language and the learning of English have key roles in settlement, family experience and acculturation of immigrant groups. There is also a lack of tolerance or understanding for 'unusual' family arrangements which had arisen through th e disruption of the lives of many Eastern European immigrants and for the many men who remained single. The focus for a sense of belonging may be on common physical characteristics, the possession of a distinct language or dialect, a particular religion, a sense of geographical and historical continuity through living in a particular place, or a distinct lifestyle (Donald and Rattansii 1992). Discrimination Discrimination is a direct result of prejudices and cultural differences take place in Australian society. In spite of great changes in social structure, Aboriginal people are discriminated in education, healthcare and employment (Pattel-Gray 1995). Complete cultural assimilation did not take place. However, the predominance of Anglo-Celtic values, in all Australian institutions but particularly in the workplace and the schools, often placed great pressures on immigrant families, created conflict between family members and sometimes threatened positive identification with their own cultures. The failure of cultural assimilation, the threat to Australian living standards with the onset of the recession and world economic restructuring, and social segmentation linked to gender, ethnicity and race led to a new national approach to diversity and to the development of policies